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United Kingdom income tax calculator

Estimate Income Tax on UK employment or similar non-savings income for England, Northern Ireland and Wales. Enter gross annual income; we apply the Personal Allowance (including the high-income taper) and progressive tax bands for the configured tax year.

Tax year 2026-27 · Not yet verified · Official source

England, NI & Wales · Tax year 2026-27

Results

Income tax
£5,486.00
Personal allowance used
£12,570.00
Taxable income
£27,430.00
Effective rate
13.7%

How this calculator works

  • Start with your gross annual income (simplified non-savings, non-dividend income).
  • Apply the Personal Allowance. Above the taper threshold, the allowance falls by £1 for every £2 of income until it reaches zero.
  • Taxable income = gross income − Personal Allowance (not below zero).
  • Charge Income Tax using progressive bands on taxable income (basic, higher, additional).
  • Scotland is not modelled — Scottish taxpayers use different bands and rates.

PA = max(0, standard PA − floor((income − taper threshold) / 2)). Tax = Σ (income in band × band rate). Band thresholds and rates come from data/tax/uk/{year}.json.

Worked example

Gross income £50,270 with a full Personal Allowance of £12,570 (using the rates in the data file).

Inputs

  • Gross income£50,270
  • Personal allowance£12,570

Results

  • Taxable income£37,700
  • Income tax (20%)£7,540

Frequently asked questions

Does this cover Scottish Income Tax?

No. This calculator uses England, Northern Ireland and Wales bands. If you pay Scottish Income Tax, use HMRC’s tools or a Scotland-specific calculator.

Are dividends and savings interest included?

Not in this version. Dividend and savings rates differ, and income is stacked in a specific order. We model employment-style income only.

What is the Personal Allowance taper?

Once adjusted net income exceeds the taper threshold (see the data file), your Personal Allowance is reduced by £1 for every £2 of excess until it reaches £0.

Why might this differ from my PAYE tax code?

Tax codes can include other allowances, underpayments, or benefits. This tool uses a standard Personal Allowance model only.

Where do the rates come from?

Rates and thresholds live in the repository tax data file and must be verified against GOV.UK / HMRC. The page shows the tax year and last-verified status.

Sources and disclaimer

Estimates only — not financial advice. England, Northern Ireland and Wales rules only (Scotland has different income tax bands). Student loan, marriage allowance, Blind Person’s Allowance, temporary tax codes, and payroll timing are not modelled. Verify against HMRC / GOV.UK and your payslip.

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